Medical retrieval devices and related methods of use

ABSTRACT

A medical device that may include a plurality of branch members forming a basket movable between a collapsed configuration and an expanded configuration is disclosed. Each branch member may include a proximal coil, and a distal coil. Each branch member may also include an uncoiled portion disposed between the proximal coil and the distal coil, and a movable portion.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No.14/294,346, filed on Jun. 3, 2014, which claims the benefit of U.S.Provisional Application No. 61/872,196, filed Aug. 30, 2013, thedisclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in theirentirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

Various embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally tomedical retrieval devices and related systems and methods. Morespecifically, the present disclosure relates to devices, systems, andmethods for retrieving objects within a patient.

BACKGROUND

Medical retrieval devices are often utilized for removing organicmaterial (e.g., blood clots, tissue, and biological concretions such asurinary, biliary, and pancreatic stones) and inorganic material (e.g.,components of a medical device or other foreign matter), which mayobstruct or otherwise be present within a patient's body cavities. Forexample, concretions can develop in certain parts of the body, such asin the kidneys, pancreas, and gallbladder. Minimally invasive medicalprocedures are used to remove these concretions through naturalorifices, or through an incision, such as during a percutaneousnephrolithotomy (PNCL) procedure. Further, lithotripsy and ureteroscopy,for example, are used to treat urinary calculi (e.g., kidney stones) inthe ureter of a patient.

Further, known medical retrieval devices are complex, requiring manycomponents and labor-intensive manufacturing processes. The assembly ofsmall parts often requires visual magnification and specializedtraining. The available joining mechanisms often increase the profile ofthe medical retrieval devices beyond optimal design parameters, and areoften the weakest structural points. These drawbacks result in medicalretrieval devices that are bulky, expensive, and prone to failure.

Thus, there remains a need for improved medical retrieval devices havingreduced profiles and fewer components.

SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE

The present disclosure includes medical retrieval devices and relatedmethods of use.

In accordance with an embodiment, the present disclosure is directed toa medical device having a plurality of branch members forming a basketmovable between a collapsed configuration and an expanded configuration.Each branch member may include a proximal coil, and a distal coil. Eachbranch member may also include an uncoiled portion disposed between theproximal coil and the distal coil, and a movable portion.

Various embodiments of the disclosure may include one or more of thefollowing aspects: each of the plurality of branch members being formedfrom two separate filaments; wherein a first branch member of theplurality of branch members is formed such that the proximal coil anddistal coil are formed from a first filament and the movable portion isformed from a second filament; wherein the movable portion of the secondfilament is disposed through the distal coil and the proximal coil ofthe first filament; wherein a second branch member of the plurality ofbranch members is formed by a movable portion of the first filament, anda proximal coil and distal coil of a third filament; wherein theplurality of branch members are formed by an equal number of filaments;further including a sheath coupled to each of the plurality of branchmembers proximal to the plurality of proximal coils; wherein each of theplurality of movable portions extend proximally through the sheath;wherein the basket is configured to: move from the expandedconfiguration to the collapsed configuration by a proximal movement ofeach of the movable portions, and move from the collapsed configurationto the expanded configuration by a distal movement of each of themovable portions; wherein each branch member further includes anuncoiled portion between the proximal coil and the sheath; wherein eachof the plurality of proximal coils is directly coupled to the sheath;wherein each movable portion includes a bridge portion extendingdistally from a respective distal coil toward an adjacent branch member;and wherein each bridge portion has a shorter length in the collapsedconfiguration than in the expanded configuration.

In accordance with an embodiment, the present disclosure is directed toa medical device having a plurality of branch members forming a baskethaving a movable between a collapsed configuration and an expandedconfiguration. The basket may include a first plurality of coilsdisposed on the plurality of branch members, and each of the firstplurality of coils may be staggered about a longitudinal axis of themedical device from a remaining plurality of first coils. The basket mayalso include a second plurality of coils disposed on the plurality ofbranch members, and each of the second plurality of coils may bestaggered about the longitudinal axis of the medical device from aremaining plurality of second coils.

Various embodiments of the disclosure may include one or more of thefollowing aspects: wherein each of the first plurality of coils aredisposed on one of the plurality of branch members with a correspondingcoil of the second plurality of coils; wherein each of the plurality ofbranch members are substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis ofthe medical device when the basket is in the collapsed configuration;and wherein each of the plurality of branch members extends radiallyoutward about the longitudinal axis of the medical device when thebasket is in the expanded configuration.

In accordance with an embodiment, the present disclosure is directed toa medical device having a plurality of branch members forming a basketmovable between a collapsed configuration and an expanded configuration.Each branch member may include a proximal coil, a distal coil, anuncoiled portion disposed between the proximal coil and the distal coil,and a movable portion. Each of the plurality of distal coils may bestaggered about a longitudinal axis of the medical device from aremaining plurality of distal coils; and each of the plurality ofproximal coils may staggered about the longitudinal axis of the medicaldevice from a remaining plurality of proximal coils.

Various embodiments of the disclosure may include one or more of thefollowing aspects: wherein each uncoiled portion is located atapproximately a midpoint between a respective distal coil and proximalcoil; and wherein the plurality of annularly arranged branch members areformed by an equal number of filaments.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute apart of this specification, illustrate various exemplary embodiments andtogether with the description, serve to explain the principles of thedisclosed embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a partial side perspective view illustration of a medicalretrieval device in an expanded configuration in accordance with anembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 is a partial side perspective view illustration of the medicalretrieval device of FIG. 1 in a collapsed configuration.

FIG. 3 is a top view illustration of portions of the medical retrievaldevice of FIG. 1 in a partially-assembled configuration.

FIG. 4 is a partial side perspective view illustration of a medicalretrieval device in an expanded configuration in accordance with anembodiment of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the presentdisclosure, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers will be usedthroughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts.

As shown in FIG. 1, a medical device 100 according to an exemplaryembodiment of the present disclosure may extend from a proximal end 102toward a distal end 104. Medical device 100 may include a basket 106disposed at distal end 104, and may be configured to reciprocally movebetween a collapsed configuration and an expanded configuration. In theembodiment shown in FIG. 1, basket 106 is in the expanded configuration.In the expanded configuration, a plurality of branch members 108 may bedisposed radially outward about a longitudinal axis X of medical device100. The plurality of branch members 108 may be spaced apart from oneanother in a substantially uniform distribution. For example, in theembodiment shown in FIG. 1, medical device 100 may include three branchmembers 108 that are spaced about 120° from one another. In analternative embodiment (not shown) having four branch members 108, eachbranch member 108 may be disposed about 90° from an adjacent branchmember 108. However, it should be noted that any other suitable numberof branch members may alternatively be utilized, if desired.

Each branch member 108 may include a proximal coil 110, a distal coil112, and a movable portion 114 that extends through both distal coil 112and proximal coil 110. A gap 115 (i.e., an uncoiled portion) may bedisposed between proximal coil 110 and distal coil 112. Movable portion114 may include a bridge portion 116 that is distal to distal coil 112when medical device 100 is in the expanded configuration. In theexpanded configuration, a user may manipulate medical device 100 tocapture materials within a patient, such as, e.g., a kidney stone or thelike. Materials may enter basket 106 via a side opening 117 defined byadjacent branch members 108, or via a distal opening 118 defined by theplurality of bridge portions 116. Proximal and distal coils 110, 112 mayhave any suitable number of revolutions and have any suitablecross-sectional profile, such as, e.g., a circular or rectangularcross-sectional profiles. Proximal and distal coils 110, 112 may bewound in either a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. In someembodiments, proximal coils 110 may have the same pitch and geometry asdistal coils 112, while in other embodiments, proximal coils 110 mayhave a different pitch and/or geometry than distal coils 112.

In some embodiments, the plurality of branch members 108 may have a biassuch that in an assembled configuration, the plurality of branch members108 are naturally urged radially outward from longitudinal axis X. In analternative embodiment, each of the plurality of branch members may bepre-bent radially outward of longitudinal axis X at bridge portion 116.Alternatively, each of the plurality of branch members 108 may haveanother suitable shape, such as, e.g., a curve inwards towardlongitudinal axis X to aid with object retrieval.

Movable portion 114 may extend proximally through distal coil 112 andproximal coil 110 toward proximal end 102. A proximal end of movableportion 114 may be coupled to an actuation member 120. Actuation member120 may be a filament, braided wire, rope, rod, or other suitableactuation member that may be coupled to an actuator (not shown). In analternative embodiment, the plurality of movable portions 114 may becoupled to the actuator directly. The actuator may be disposed within ahousing, e.g., a handle, and may encompass any suitable actuatorconfigured to reciprocally move actuation member 120 and/or movableportion(s) 114 in a longitudinal direction including, but not limitedto, sliding mechanisms, rotating mechanisms, pushing mechanisms, or thelike. A sheath 122 may be disposed distal to actuation member 120,proximal to proximal coil 110, and may be coupled to the plurality ofbranch members 108. A gap 123 (i.e., an uncoiled portion) may bedisposed between proximal coil 110 and sheath 122. In the embodimentshown in FIG. 1, proximal coil 110 may be disposed approximately at amidpoint between distal coil 112 and sheath 122. In an alternativeembodiment, proximal coil may instead be disposed closer to eitherdistal coil 112 or sheath 122.

In some embodiments, a fixed end 124 of each branch member 108 may befixed to sheath 122, while other portions of each branch member 108,e.g., movable portion 114, may be configured to move relative to sheath122. Fixed end 124 may be fixed to sheath 122 by any suitable mechanismincluding, but not limited to, adhesives, friction fits, crimping, orthe like. Sheath 122 may remain in a fixed longitudinal position whileactuation member 120 is directed proximally by the actuator to movemedical device 100 between the collapsed and expanded configurations. Inother embodiments, sheath 122 may be directed distally while actuationmember 120 is concurrently directed proximally by the actuator to movemedical device 100 between the collapsed and expanded configurations.Thus, movable portion 114 may move along path 125 that travelssubstantially along longitudinal axis X.

In FIG. 2, medical device 100 is shown in the collapsed configuration.In the collapsed configuration, each branch member 108 may besubstantially parallel to longitudinal axis X. That is, each branchmember 108 may be directed radially inward toward longitudinal axis Xfrom the expanded position as a result of the proximal retraction ofactuation member 120 (shown only in FIG. 1) and/or movable portions 114.In the collapsed configuration, bridge portions 116 may be shorter thanin the expanded configuration of medical device 100. Additionally, sideopenings 117 and distal opening 118 (referring to FIG. 1) may not bedisposed in the collapsed configuration.

As best seen in FIG. 2, each proximal coil 110 may be longitudinallystaggered with respect to a remaining plurality of proximal coils 110such that in the collapsed configuration, each proximal coil 110 islocated at a different position along longitudinal axis X. Similarly,each distal coil 112 may be longitudinally staggered with respect to aremaining plurality of distal coils 112 such that in the collapsedconfiguration, each distal coil 112 is located at a different positionalong longitudinal axis X. In one embodiment, a proximal coil 110 (or adistal coil 112) is staggered from a remaining plurality of proximalcoils 110 (or distal coils 112) such that the proximal coils 110 do notexhibit any overlap when in the collapsed configuration. Such anarrangement may significantly reduce the profile of medical device 100.Thus, in the expanded configuration (referring to FIG. 1), each proximalcoil 110 and distal coil 112 may have a unique longitudinal position(i.e., may be disposed at a different longitudinal position than eachother proximal coil 110 and/or distal coil 112).

In one embodiment, proximal coils 110 may, in the collapsedconfiguration, generally be configured from end to end such that theplurality of proximal coils 110 form one continuous coil portionextending transversely to longitudinal axis X. Similarly, distal coils112 may, in the collapsed configuration, generally be configured fromend to end such that the plurality of distal coils 112 form onecontinuous coil portion extending transversely to longitudinal axis X.In an alternative embodiment, proximal coils 110 (or distal coils 112)may partially or fully overlap with each other in the collapsedconfiguration.

Referring to FIG. 3, medical device 100 may be formed from a pluralityof continuous filaments 300. In one embodiment, medical device 100 mayinclude three filaments—300 a, 300 b, and 300 c. Filaments 300 may beformed of any suitable material including, but not limited to, metals,polymers, or a combination of materials. In one embodiment, filament 300may include a metal wire coated with a polymer. In an alternativeembodiment, filament 300 may be formed from two or more metals that areco-drawn together. Filament 300 may have any suitable cross-sectionalprofile such as, e.g., circular, rectangular, ovular, or polygonal. Insome embodiments, portions of filament 300 may be flattened, machined,extruded, drawn, or etched into a different profile than a remainingportion of filament 300.

Each filament 300 a, 300 b, or 300 c may include a respective movableportion 114, a distal coil 112, a proximal coil 110, a gap 115, and afixed end 124. It should be noted that in FIG. 3, each respectivemovable portion 114, distal coil 112, proximal coil 110, gap 115, andfixed end 124 is designated with the appropriate letter designation a,b, or c. While in the embodiment shown, each filament 300 includes twocoils, a proximal coil 110 and a distal coil 112, alternativeembodiments may include fewer or additional numbers of coils. A movableportion 114 a of a given filament 300 a may be directed, e.g., throughdistal coil 112 b and proximal coil 110 b of a counterclockwise adjacentfilament 300 b to form a branch member 108. Further, the movable portion114 c of a clockwise adjacent filament 300 c may be directed through theproximal coil 112 a and distal coil 110 a of the given filament 300 a toform another branch member 108. Each of the filaments 300 may besimilarly arranged so that the resulting number of branch members 108may correspond (i.e., is equal) to the number of filaments 300 in agiven medical device 100. Thus, each branch member 108 may be formed bytwo different filaments 300, e.g., the proximal coil 110 and distal coil112 of first filament 300, and the movable portion 114 of a secondfilament 300. The portion of each filament 300 that forms distal coil112 and proximal coil 110 may have a smaller diameter or a lower profile(e.g., flattened), as compared to a remaining portion of each filament300. The smaller diameter and/or lower profile may reduce an overallprofile of medical device 100. Each filament 300 may be friction coatedor have another suitable coating to assist with object retrieval andgrip.

As shown in FIG. 4, a medical device 400 according to an exemplaryembodiment of the present disclosure may extend from a proximal end 402toward a distal end 404. Medical device 400 may include a basket 406disposed at distal end 404, and may be configured to reciprocally movebetween a collapsed configuration and an expanded configuration. In theembodiment shown in FIG. 4, basket 406 is in the expanded configuration.In the expanded configuration, a plurality of branch members 408 may bedisposed radially outward about a longitudinal axis X of medical device400. The plurality of branch members 408 may be spaced apart from oneanother in a substantially uniform distribution as described above withreference to branch members 108 of FIG. 1. Thus, in the expandedconfiguration, each distal coil 412 may have a unique longitudinalposition (i.e., may be disposed at a different longitudinal positionthan each other distal coil 412).

Each branch member 408 may include a proximal coil 410, a distal coil412, and a movable portion 414 that extends through both distal coil 412and proximal coil 410. A gap 415 (i.e., an uncoiled portion) may bedisposed between proximal coil 410 and distal coil 412. Movable portion414 may include a bridge portion 416 that is distal to distal coil 412when medical device 400 is in the expanded configuration. In theexpanded configuration, a user may manipulate medical device 400 tocapture materials within a patient, such as, e.g., a kidney stone or thelike. Materials may enter basket 406 via a side opening 417 defined byadjacent branch members 408, or via a distal opening 418 defined by theplurality of bridge portions 416. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4,proximal coils 410 may be longer than distal coils 412. However, itshould be noted that proximal and distal coils 410, 412 may have othersuitable lengths and arrangements similar to proximal and distal coils110, 112 described with reference to FIGS. 1-3. In some embodiments,distal coils 412 may be staggered in a manner similar to distal coils112, described above with reference to FIG. 2.

In some embodiments, the plurality of branch members 408 may have a biassuch that in an assembled configuration, the plurality of branch members408 are naturally urged radially outward from longitudinal axis X. In analternative embodiment, each of the plurality of branch members may bepre-bent radially outward of longitudinal axis X at bridge portion 416.Alternatively, each of the plurality of branch members 408 may haveanother suitable shape, such as, e.g., a curve inwards towardlongitudinal axis X to aid with object retrieval.

Movable portion 414 may extend proximally through distal coil 412 andproximal coil 410 toward proximal end 402. A proximal end of movableportion 414 may be coupled to an actuation member (not shown) and anactuator (not shown). In an alternative embodiment, the plurality ofmovable portions 414 may be coupled to the actuator directly. A sheath422 may be disposed proximal to proximal coils 410. In the embodimentshown in FIG. 4, proximal coils 410 may be directly coupled to sheath422 such that there is no intervening gap or uncoiled portion betweenproximal coils 410 and sheath 422.

In some embodiments, a fixed end 424 extending proximally from proximalcoils 410 may be fixed to sheath 422, movable portion 414 may beconfigured to move relative to sheath 422. Fixed end 424 may be fixed tosheath 422 by any suitable mechanism including, but not limited to,adhesives, friction fits, crimping, or the like. Sheath 422 may remainin a fixed longitudinal position while movable portions 414 are directedproximally by the actuator to move medical device 400 between thecollapsed and expanded configurations. Thus, movable portion 414 maymove along path 425 that travels substantially along longitudinal axisX.

The disclosed medical devices may be utilized in any suitableapplication requiring the capture and removal of materials from thebody. The disclosed medical devices may be simple and inexpensive tomanufacture, and have improved durability as they may have fewercomponents prone to failure. The staggering of proximal and distal coils110, 112 may increase utility of the disclosed medical devices, as theymay be suitable for applications requiring reduced-profile baskets.Further, the geometry of the coils may improve basket effectiveness byimproving grip. That is, the edges of the coils may act as teeth andincrease a gripping surface area, enabling the disclosed medical devicesto more securely grasp materials within the body.

Any aspect set forth in any embodiment may be used with any otherembodiment set forth herein. Every device and apparatus set forth hereinmay be used in any suitable medical procedure, may be advanced throughany suitable body lumen and body cavity, and may be used to removematerial from any suitable body portion. For example, the apparatusesand methods described herein may be used through any natural body lumenor tract, including those accessed orally, vaginally, rectally, nasally,urethrally, or through incisions in any suitable tissue.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that variousmodifications and variations can be made in the disclosed systems andprocesses without departing from the scope of the invention. Otherembodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in theart from consideration of the specification and practice of theinvention disclosed herein. It is intended that the specification andexamples be considered as exemplary only. The following disclosureidentifies some other exemplary embodiments.

I claim:
 1. A medical device, comprising: a plurality of branch membersforming a basket movable between a collapsed configuration and anexpanded configuration, each of the branch members having a proximalcoil formed from a continuous filament, a distal coil formed from thecontinuous filament, an uncoiled portion disposed between the proximalcoil and the distal coil, and a movable portion extending distally fromthe distal coil.
 2. The medical device of claim 1, wherein the distalcoil of each branch member is staggered about a longitudinal axis of themedical device from a remaining plurality of distal coils.
 3. Themedical device of claim 2, wherein the proximal coil of each branchmember is staggered about the longitudinal axis of the medical devicefrom a remaining plurality of proximal coils.
 4. The medical device ofclaim 1, wherein each uncoiled portion is located at approximately amidpoint between a respective distal coil and proximal coil.
 5. Themedical device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of branch members areformed by an equal number of continuous filaments.
 6. The medical deviceof claim 1, wherein each proximal coil has a greater length than thedistal coil from the continuous filament.
 7. The medical device of claim1, wherein each of the plurality of branch members is biased radiallyoutwardly.
 8. A medical device, comprising: a plurality of branchmembers forming a basket movable between a collapsed configuration andan expanded configuration, each branch member having: a proximal coilhaving a longitudinal axis that is substantially parallel to alongitudinal axis of the medical device when the basket is in thecollapsed configuration; a distal coil having a longitudinal axis thatis substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the medical devicewhen the basket is in the collapsed configuration; an uncoiled portiondisposed between the proximal coil and the distal coil; and a movableportion extending distally from the distal coil; and a sheath disposedproximal to the proximal coil of each branch member, wherein theproximal coil of each branch member is directly coupled to the sheath.9. The medical device of claim 8, wherein the distal coil of a givenbranch member is disposed further radially outward than the proximalcoil of the given branch member when the basket is in the expandedconfiguration.
 10. The medical device of claim 8, wherein the pluralityof branch members are formed by an equal number of filaments.
 11. Themedical device of claim 8, wherein the uncoiled portion of a givenbranch member is formed from a continuous filament, and the proximalcoil and the distal coil of the given branch member are formed from thecontinuous filament.
 12. The medical device of claim 8, wherein there isno intervening gap or uncoiled portion between any of the proximal coilsand the sheath.
 13. The medical device of claim 12, wherein thelongitudinal axis of each proximal coil is substantially parallel to thelongitudinal axis of the medical device when the basket is in theexpanded configuration.
 14. The medical device of claim 13, wherein eachbranch member includes exactly two filaments.
 15. A medical device,comprising: a plurality of branch members forming a basket movablebetween a collapsed configuration and an expanded configuration, eachbranch member having: a proximal coil having a longitudinal axis that issubstantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the medical devicewhen the basket is in the collapsed configuration and in the expandedconfiguration; a distal coil; an uncoiled portion disposed between theproximal coil and the distal coil; and a movable portion, each movableportion including a bridge portion extending distally from a respectivedistal coil toward an adjacent branch member.
 16. The medical device ofclaim 15, wherein, when the basket is in the expanded configuration, themedical device includes a plurality of bridge portions that at leastpartially define a distally-facing opening that is the onlydistally-facing opening of the basket, wherein the medical deviceincludes a plurality of side openings, wherein each of the plurality ofside openings is partially defined by adjacent branch members.
 17. Themedical device of claim 16, wherein each side opening is also defined byone of the plurality of bridge portions.
 18. The medical device of claim16, wherein only one side opening is disposed between a given pair ofadjacent branch members.
 19. The medical device of claim 16, wherein thedistally-facing opening is disposed distally of each of the plurality ofside openings.
 20. The medical device of claim 15, wherein the distalcoil of a given branch member is formed from a continuous wire, and theuncoiled portion of the given branch member also is formed from thecontinuous wire.